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俞梦璐, 余双彬, 陈 曦, 等.绵阳市农村居民HBsAg阳性、HBsAg和HBsAb双阴分布现况.四川大学学报(医学版),2018,49(6):950-954
绵阳市农村居民HBsAg阳性、HBsAg和HBsAb双阴分布现况
Prevalence of HBsAg Positive and HBsAb Negative Populations in Rural Mianyang
  
中文关键词:  乙型肝炎病毒 乙型肝炎表面抗原 乙型肝炎表面抗体 农村居民
英文关键词:Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B surface antigens Hepatitis B antibodies Rural resident
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中文摘要:
      目的 了解绵阳市农村居民乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性、HBsAg和乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)双阴分布的现况,为制定农村乙肝防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采取多阶段随机抽样方法抽取163 797名农村居民作为调查对象,对其进行一对一问卷调查,并采取血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对分离出的血清进行HBsAg和HBsAb检测,分析其表达分布的流行病学特征。结果 调查对象HBsAg总阳性率为6.57%〔95%可信区间(CI):6.45%~6.69%〕,双阴率为40.32%(95%CI:40.36%~40.84%)。男性HBsAg阳性率(7.74%)高于女性(5.73%),双阴率(39.93%)低于女性(40.61%);56~65岁人群HBsAg阳性率(7.36%)最高,86~96岁人群双阴率(47.61%)最高;已婚人群HBsAg阳性率(6.63%)高于未婚人群(5.54%)和离异/丧偶人群(6.11%),离异/丧偶人群的双阴率(43.04%)最高;涪城区HBsAg阳性率(9.23%)高于江油市(5.38%)和安县(5.77%),安县双阴率(55.24%)最高;有乙肝家族史人群的HBsAg阳性率(21.01%)高于无乙肝家族史人群(6.41%),双阴率(30.10%)低于后者(40.60%);有乙肝疫苗接种史人群的HBsAg阳性率(3.78%)和双阴率(37.91%)均低于无乙肝疫苗接种史人群(分别为7.30%和40.92%);上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 绵阳市农村居民HBsAg阳性率和双阴率均较高,高龄、未接种乙肝疫苗者应重点防控。
英文摘要:
      Objective To determine the prevalence of positive HBsAg and negative HBsAg populations in rural Mianyang, and provide evidence support for proper immunization strategies. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 163 797 rural residents in Mianyang selected through a multistage random sampling strategy. Serum samples were taken from the participants to detect HBsAg and HBsAb with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Overall, 6.57% 〔95% confidence interval (CI): 6.45%-6.69%〕 of participants were HBsAg positive. In those with negative HBsAg, 40.32% (95%CI: 40.36%-40.84%) had negative HBsAb. Higher prevalence of positive HBsAg was found in the male participants (7.74%) compared with the females (5.73%). But the male participants with negative HBsAg were less likely to have negative HBsAb (39.93%) than their female counterparts (40.61%). Those aged between 56 and 65 years had the highest prevalence of positive HBsAg (7.36%); whereas, those aged between 86 and 96 years had the highest prevalence of negative HBsAg/HBsAb (47.61%). The participants who were married (6.63%), resided in Fucheng District (9.23%), had a family history of Hepatitis B (21.01%) and were not vaccinated (7.30%) had higher prevalence of positive HBsAg than others. Those who were divorced and widowed (43.04%), resided in An County (55.24%), had no family history of Hepatitis B (40.60%), and were vaccinated (40.92%) had higher prevalence of negative HBsAg/HBsAb than others. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion A high proportion of ruralresidents in Mianyang are HBsAg positive or HBsAg/HBsAb negative. The older population and those without ]vaccination should be the main target in the prevention and control of hepatitis B.
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