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包玉欣, 段若男, 杨明喆, 等.成都市儿童青少年肉类、脂肪、脂肪酸摄入情况与 超重肥胖的关系.四川大学学报(医学版),2017,48(1):96-100
成都市儿童青少年肉类、脂肪、脂肪酸摄入情况与 超重肥胖的关系
  
中文关键词:  儿童青少年 肉类 脂肪 脂肪酸 超重/肥胖
英文关键词:Children and adolescents Meat Dietary fat Fatty-acid Overweight/obesity
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中文摘要:
      目的 了解成都市龙泉驿区7~15岁儿童青少年超重肥胖情况以及肉类、脂肪和脂肪酸摄入现状,并初步探讨两者间的关系。方法 采用分层整群抽样法,选取成都市龙泉驿区1 811名7~15岁儿童青少年为研究对象,采用问卷调查和现场测量分别收集膳食和体格数据并计算体质量指数(BMI)、BMI标准差评分(BMI SDS)、腰围/身高比值(WHtR)、超重率和肥胖率,通过秩和检验和卡方检验比较正常体质量、超重肥胖儿童肉类、脂肪、脂肪酸摄入情况的差异以及不同年龄段儿童肉类、脂肪、脂肪酸低、中、高摄入量组间超重率、肥胖率、BMI SDS及WHtR的差异。结果 成都市龙泉驿区7~15岁儿童青少年超重率为10.34%,肥胖率为6.59%。男生超重率(12.05%)与超重肥胖合并率(18.97%)均高于女生(8.55%,14.80%)( P<0.05)。总肉类、红肉、白肉及脂肪供能比摄入情况均为女生高于男生,总肉类、红肉、白肉、饱和脂肪酸及单不饱和脂肪酸摄入量随年龄增长而增加( P<0.05)。女生中,超重肥胖组平均每日脂肪供能比、饱和脂肪酸及单不饱和脂肪酸摄入量高于体质量正常组;BMI SDS与WHtR均随脂肪供能比增加而升高,BMI SDS在平均每日单不饱和脂肪酸高摄入量组中最高( P<0.05)。结论 红肉、脂肪供能比、饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸摄入量可能与儿童青少年超重肥胖相关,性别差异有待进一步研究。
英文摘要:
      Objective To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7-15 years in Longquanyi District of Chengdu and its association with consumptions of meat, dietary fat and fatty-acids. Methods A total of 1 811 children and adolescents aged 7-15 years in Longquanyi District were selected using stratified cluster sampling strategy. Their body mass, height and waist circumference were measured. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was estimated based on body mass index (BMI), body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Daily consumptions of meat, dietary fat and fatty-acids were calculated using data collected through a food frequency questionnaire and 3-d 24 h dietary recall. The children with overweight/obesity were compared with those with normal body mass in food/nutrient consumptions using Wilcoxon tests. The BMI SDS, WHtR, and prevalence of overweight and obesity were also compared between those having low, moderate and high food/nutrient consumptions using Chi-square tests or Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results About 10.34% and 6.59% of participants were found to be overweight and obese, respectively. Boys had higher prevalence of overweight (12.05%) and overweight/obesity (18.97%) than girls (8.55%, 14.80%) ( P<0.05). Girls consumed more meat (including red meat and white meat), saturated fatty-acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty-acid (MUFA) than boys ( P<0.05). The consumptions of meat (both red meat and white meat), SFA and MUFA increased with age ( P<0.05). Overweight/obese girls consumed more SFA, MUFA and fat (%EN) than those of normal weight. The BMI SDS and WHtR of girls increased with fat (%EN) consumptions ( P<0.05). The BMI SDS of girls also increased with MUFA consumptions ( P<0.05). Conclusion Consumptions of red meat, dietary fat, SFA, and MUFA are associated with overweight/obesity of girls aged 7-15 years in Chengdu. Further studies are needed to understand the gender differences.
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