HA/PMMA纳米复合暂冠材料的合成及其性能表征和细胞相容性检测

目的合成具有良好生物相容性的羟基磷灰石（HA）/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA） (H/P)复合暂时冠材料。方法将一定量的纳米HA与PMMA混合，分别合成HA质量分数为20% （20 wt%）、30% （30 wt%）、40% （40 wt%）、50% （50 wt%）的4组复合材料。此复合材料经固化、打磨、抛光，扫描电镜（SEM）观察其表面微结构。将人牙龈成纤维细胞接种在以上各组及纯PMMA组、纯钛组样本表面，共同培养24 h后，免疫荧光标记细胞骨架；培养1、3、5、7 d后，MTT法测细胞活力。结果 SEM结果显示，20 wt% H/P组和30 wt% H/P组的纳米HA团聚体基本被PMMA基质所覆盖，40 wt% H/P组样本表面的团聚体尺寸小而均匀，直径约为2～4 μm，而在50 wt% H/P组表面，团聚体直径达到5～10 μm，表面可见较多裂隙。40 wt% H/P组和50 wt% H/P组细胞铺展成长梭形，其他H/P组及纯PMMA组细胞较圆缩。40 wt% H/P组各时点细胞活力与纯钛组的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；其余H/P组及纯PMMA组细胞活力多低于纯钛组，差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05)。结论 40 wt%H/P生物相容性接近纯钛，有望用于种植修复暂时冠材料，改善软组织美学。

英文摘要:

Objective To formulate hydroxyapatite（HA）/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composites with improved cytocompatibility for provisional restoration. Methods Nanocomposites with 20 wt%，30 wt%，40 wt%，and 50 wt% HA/PMMA (H/P) were developed and examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured on those HA/PMMA discs and investigated by fluorescent staining on 24 h and MTT assay at 1 d, 3 d, 5 d and 7 d. Results Chemical integration of HA/PMMA interface was confirmed by XPS. Typical fusiform cells with adhesion spots were detected on 40 wt% and 50 wt% H/P discs. MTT results showed insignificant differences in cell growth between 40 wt% H/P and pure titanium (Ti,P>0.05), while the other H/P discs showed significantly lower cell growth than pure Ti (P<0.05). Conclusion 40 wt% H/P might be a promising candidate for provisional dental implant restoration and for esthetic gingival contour.

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